The image above showing you the basic cnc wiring diagram for inverter that connected to spindle motor and servo drive. The connection here frequently use for low torque DC spindle motor.
More advance cnc wiring diagram for inverter where the servo drive can detect directly whether the inverter is fully functional. In term of safety, this type of inverter circuit diagram is more level protection of safety compare to the CNC inverter basic wiring diagram and normally use for high torque spindle motor or AC spindle motor type
The circuit diagram image above is more clear then the circuit CNC wiring diagram image in the previous blog post
CNC Inverter Wiring Diagram
CNC Wiring Diagram
The CNC wiring diagram shown in this page is created using Mechanical Desktop Version 6 and the wiring digram is showing you the very basic CNC wiring circuit diagram. Basically this CNC machine controlled by the CNC machine controller which consists of a CNC servo drive to control all the electrical parts such as axes servo motors, coolant motor, hydraulic motor, spindle motor, lubrication motor, inverter, working light, DC contactors and DC reversing contactor. The CNC controller panel is located in front of the CNC machine and not shown on this CNC circuit diagram.
The type of CNC servo drive shown on the diagram is 2 in 1 CNC servo drive which consists of servo drive and programming logic control section (PLC). The PLC section has some input and output (I/O). The electrical parts which will generate the signal such as limit switches, sensors, button, emergency switch and etc will be connected to the PLC input to be processed and the PLC will turn on some of the related PLC output. Those electrical parts that will receive the instruction from PLC such as motor, light, solenoid valve, contactors and etc will be connected to the PLC output. The output itself can be act as an input or signal to the PLC but the input never be act as an output.
Each axis servo motor and its encoder are connected directly to the CNC servo drive to ensure the CNC servo drive gain fully control on each servo motor in order to synchronize the movement of the mechanical parts especially the movement of machine tool on the raw material when machining the part. The coolant motor, hydraulic motor, lubrication motor and working light will be connected to DC contactors and each contactor will be connected to the servo drive PLC output.
The rotation of the spindle motor whether clock-wise (CW) or counter-clock-wise (CCW) is controlled by the DC reverse contactor when instructed by the servo drive. The encoder of the spindle motor is connected to inverter and servo drive to ensure to machine tool can do rigid tapping. In fact, you can connect the output spindle CW and the output spindle CCW on the servo drive directly to the inverter CW and CCW respectively to control the spindle rotation direction without using DC reversing contactor. I will show you the circuit diagram on my next blog post. I also will try to get more vivid CNC circuit diagram image for the next blog post.
The limit switches are used to determine the homing position and the maximum travel distance of each axis. All the limit switches must be always in close position or normally close (N/C) as shown on the circuit diagram.
EDM Wire Cut Machine
EDM Wire Cut Machine also known as Wire Cut Machine or Wire EDM Machine. EDM wire cut uses a spool of a thin metallic wire as an electrode such as brass wire, zinc coated wire and zinc enriched wire to cut a programmed contour in a electrically conductive material or a metal workpiece. The diameter of EDM wire is between 0.05mm (0.002") to 0.33mm (0.13") and the wire tensile strength is more or less than 900N/mm² (130,000psi) depends on the type of wire.
EDM brass wire
Photo by Landmark Technology Co., Ltd
The wire EDM machine is generally used when the cut goes all the way through the workpiece and the electrode will be electrically energized to slice through the metal workpiece. The wire is pulled through the workpiece being cut and cooled by a dielectric fluid or deionized water which acts as a coolant. During machining process, the wire itself will be traveling from wire spool into the wire bin reel and the traveling distance will be controlled by the machine program.
EDM Wire
Photo by XACT Wire EDM Corp
The electrode and the workpiece are either fully submerged, or flushed with a deionized water. To start machining it is first necessary to drill a hole in the workpiece or start from the edge. When the electrically energized wire approaching the workpiece the electrical discharge or spark will be created. The spark will jump to the workpiece which will erode some small amount of workpiece and flush away by the deionized water to form the spark gap between the wire and the workpiece. The spark gap size can be controlled as small as 0.0127mm (0.0005").
EDM wire cut possible machining shapes
Photo by Hong Kong Polytechnic University
The Wire EDM machine uses rapid and repetitive electrical discharges to create more and more spark gap. The spark gap will allow the wire to advance further until the workpiece is cut through. The EDM is a non-contact cutting process, the wire itself does not touch the workpiece and the actual cut is done by the spark. This eliminates machining forces that can cause distortion. The quality of the product depends on the spark gap size, the smaller the spark gap size, the smoother the surface, but the machining time is much more longer.
EDM wire cut produces excellent dimensional accuracy with a high quality surface finish, suitable for cutting intricate shapes or irregular shapes and tight radius contours to create complex dies and other tools from extremely hard materials. It is ideal for cutting hardened materials above HRC 38.
CNC EDM Wire Cut Machine
Photo by CNC Machinery, Inc.
Most EDM machines are controlled by computer numeric control (CNC). The CNC wire cut machine is an equipment to produce very fine cuts in the metal workpiece. The cut can be as thin as 0.0127mm (0.0005"). The accuracy of the machine could be as precise that it can produce a tolerance of less than 10 micron. This kind of machine is an essential requirement for making precision dies or moulds. Wire EDM requires no special special fixtures and in most cases the machine can run unattended. This makes the EDM wire cut is one of the most cost-effective process, allowing you to reduce inventory and fast delivery dates. This will contribute to improve cash flow and reduce operating expenses.
CNC Lathe / CNC Automatic Lathe LNT36/52/65 S-Series
LICO Machinery Co., Ltd., the professional manufacturer of Cnc lathe,CNC turning centers, CNC AUTO LATHE,AUTO LATHE,CNC Machine Center
Issued By: Lico Machinery Co.,Ltd
PRLog (Press Release) – Aug 29, 2008 – The machine CNC LATHE / CNC Automatic Lathe - LICO, a leading manufacturer of automatic lathes in Taiwan,recently announced a newly developed automatic bar machine,LICO CNC Multi-Slide Automatic lathe,model LNT36/52/65 S-SERIES. Combining the advantages of cam operated automatics and modern CNC multi-axis control technology result in fast set up and easy operation for both experienced and non-experienced operators.
CNC lathes spin a block of material for cutting, sanding or drilling a work piece to create a three-dimensional object. Woodworkers, metal smiths, potters and glass workers use lathes to make products like table legs, bowls, candle holders, baseball bats, cue sticks and crankshafts.
LNT-S Series - Automatics Multi-Slide CNC Lathe
Photo by Lico Machinery Co.,Ltd
CNC lathe machines have begun to replace older manual models, and many shop owners have decided to upgrade. CNC industrial lathes use modern carbide tooling and a computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) process that requires skilled supervision. Before buying the perfect CNC lathe for your business, check out CNC lathe information from several suppliers and manufacturers at Lico Machinery Products
Lico Machinery Co.,Ltd - Professional manufacturer of CNC LATHE, CNC turning centers, CNC Machine Center, Machine Center, Automatics Upgrade CNC Lathe, Automatic Lathe, CNC Automatic Lathe, CNC Multi-Slide Automatics Machine, CNC Lathes.
Press releases distributed by PRLog.Org are available under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License
Tags: Cnc Lathe, Auto Lathe, Mechine Center, Cnc Machine, Cnc Machine Center
CNC Mini Machines
CNC Mini Machine Information is now available along with CNC Mini Mill and CNC Mini Lathe Information. CNC Mini Mill Machine General Info is now Released on CNC Information Website
Issued By CNC Information Website
PRLog (Press Release) – Feb 15, 2008 – CNC Mini Mill Basics have now been made available on CNC Information’
What is interesting about these CNC Mini Machines is that they make it possible for more and more people to get involved in Computer Numerical Control. Before, in order to get into the CNC Machine marketing, you had to have a signification time and financial investment, not to mention a separate garage or space that can be dedicated just to your CNC Lathe or CNC Mill.
Now, with the new market for CNC Mini Machines, there is a lot less time, money, and space invested. Not to mention, the makers of these mini machines have made the learning curve a lot less steep than a curve for a large sized CNC Mill or CNC Lathe. This is such a unique market and Ivan has plenty of additional information on his website page that is dedicated to the CNC Mini Machines.
About CNC Information:
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Tags: Cnc Mini Machine, Cnc Mini Mill, Cnc Mini Lathe, Cnc Mini Machines, Cnc Machines
Latest Trend in End Mills and Cutting Tools
by: Dave Butry
A new line of aluminum cutting end mills have recently been introduced to the mix. These tools are made from sub-micro grain carbide and are available in regular and long lengths. Additionally, they can be ordered uncoated or with a high performance zirconium coating. We have been marketing American made tooling on the internet and have been serving customers for over 2 years. We offer a full line of metal cutting tools such as…end mills, drill bits, threadmills, micro end mills, hand taps, NPT Pipe taps, S&D drill bits, and center drills.
End mills are fluted tools designed specifically for periphery and slot cutting applications. They can be used to machine steel, plastic, wood, stainless steel, aluminum and many other materials. They are sought after because of their precise ability to cut to exacting tolerances when utilizing a manual or CNC milling machine. A flute is simply a cutting edge, sometimes with a helix, sometimes straight, your application will determine which style you choose. Helical flutes pull the chips up, and out of the way, the cutter can then cut more freely reducing heat buildup and decreasing machine cycle times.
End mills can have a vast number of flutes. Most common in machine shops are 2, 3 and 4 flute tools. Four flute cutters give you four cuts per rotation and are preferred in profile milling applications. Four flutes are not as useful in softer materials because they do not provide enough space between the flutes to evacuate chips sufficiently, whereas the two flute cutters are not as durable in very abrasive materials. Therefore, two flute end mills are superior in softer more flexible materials and four or more flute cutters are generally preferred in very hard or abrasive materials.
When using an end mill to cut a slot in a work piece, it’s best to have a hole already in the part. That way the end mill will not have to cut to center. Kodiak cutting tools offers a wide variety of hss, cobalt and carbide drill bits for your slot starting needs. Also, a two flute end mill is the best tool for a slotting cut. When a 2 flute end mill is used, the chips are lifted out of the slot. If the chips don’t get up and out of the cutters way, the end mill will re-cut the chips causing premature failure. Additionally, if a four flute end mill is used, the chips may become lodged in the flutes causing the tool to break. Kodiak Cutting Tools offers a wide variety of 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 flute end mills.
About The Author
Written By Dave Butry, An associate of www.kodiakcuttingtools.com
Guide To CNC Machines
by: Charles Mohaney
CNC machines are used in a variety of industrial settings and in woodworking shops. Most are out of the price range for the individual user, but can be purchased used for about half the price. These machines increase speed and accuracy when doing large jobs or repetitive tasks.
How CNC Machines Work
CNC machines are used in a variety of industry, manufacturing processes and woodworking shops. CNC routers are used for drilling holes. Some machines have the capability of holding several tools. This allows them to perform more than one operation at a time. They save time and improve accuracy.
CNC stands for Computer Numerated Control. This technology was first seen in the 1970s. The machines need to be programmed and set up properly before operation. Once the initial set up is completed, they are fairly easy to operate and keep running.
In CNC routers, they can be programmed to drill holes in an automatic fashion. This is faster and more accurate over several pieces than in manual drilling. The results are more uniform. This method is very beneficial for larger jobs that require a lot of drilling. Manual drilling can become tiring and when the operator becomes tired, the results can become inconsistent.
Types of CNC Machines
A CNC lathe is a good piece of equipment for cutting wood. These come in models ranging from fifteen to forty horsepower. The amount of power you need depends on the amount of wood you will use with the lathe. The best models operate in several different modes, from completely manual to all CNC. This allows you to tailor the machine’s operation for each project.
A Bridgeport mill is the best in milling technology. Mills are used in many industries, both large and small shops. They are efficient and reliable. Bridgeport mills are built to last a lifetime. However, they are very expensive. The price is out of the range that most people can afford.
The CNC mill is a specialty piece of equipment. It uses computer programming and robotics for accurate operation. The results are more accurate than any person could ever achieve. For this reason, Bridgeport mills are often used in the airline industry. Once the specs are entered, the CNC decides which tools need to be used and automatically changes the tools as needed.
Engraving equipment is made to engrave a variety of materials including glass, stone, metal, wood, composites and many others. The machines mark and engrave with more accuracy than could ever be achieved by hand. Everything from large signs to small lettering can be done, depending on your needs.
Buying Used units
CNC equipment is very expensive and out of the price range of most people. Buying used CNC electronics is an affordable option for some people. You can save nearly 50% or more on some equipment. Be careful when buying used, you want to be sure the equipment is in good condition.
A better option is to look for refurbished equipment. These machines have been inspected at the factory. Any broken or damaged components are replaced. In many cases, the machine is painted and new decals are applied. It’s like getting a new machine for a significantly reduced price. Often, you will get a one year warranty with reconditioned equipment. This gives you time to be sure it is working properly and if not, you can get it fixed for free.
About The Author
Charles Mahoney publishes many articles for the website http://www.inside-woodworking.com. The author is writing on topics from CNC ( http://www.inside-woodworking.com/cnc/index.html ) to automated production technologies and other areas in this field.
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